The reason why stroke is easy to recur is that although the corresponding treatment has been carried out after the first onset, the root cause of the onset is difficult to eradicate, and pathological factors such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis still exist. Nearly half of the patients with stroke recurrence encountered in the outpatient clinic were caused by not following the doctor's advice to treat hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other primary diseases.
blood pressure management
Antihypertensive therapy can effectively reduce the incidence and recurrence of stroke. Hypertension is an important risk factor for recurrent stroke, and patients with blood pressure levels >160/100 mmHg significantly increase the risk of recurrent stroke. Controlling blood pressure at a reasonable level can reduce the incidence of stroke by 42%. Taking antihypertensive drugs can reduce the risk of stroke by half compared with those who do not take antihypertensive drugs.
1. Long-term and persistent high blood pressure can accelerate arteriosclerosis. When the intravascular pressure is suddenly increased, the blood vessels in the brain can be ruptured, with serious consequences. Therefore, long-term adherence to standardized use of antihypertensive drugs, adherence to treatment, and blood pressure compliance can minimize and delay the occurrence of complications, improve quality of life, and prolong life.
2. The degree of organ damage is directly related to blood pressure levels and blood pressure fluctuations. Therefore, attention should be paid to 24-hour blood pressure control to prevent large fluctuations in blood pressure, and blood pressure should not be lowered too low. It is recommended to choose long-acting preparations, that is, antihypertensive drugs that are taken once a day and whose antihypertensive effect can cover 24 hours. Blood pressure is a protracted battle, and antihypertensive drugs must be taken regularly.
blood lipid management
Statins are the drug of choice for lowering "bad" cholesterol. Studies have confirmed that the use of statins for 5 years significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, etc.). The risk of recurrent ischemic stroke was reduced by 22% and the risk of fatal stroke was reduced by 43%. The goal of lipid control in general patients is: LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L); patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes: LDL-C <80 mg/dL ( 2.07 mmol/L).
heart management
Heart disease patients are prone to stroke. Dislodging of thrombus from diseased heart valve, ventricular wall or atrium, cerebral perfusion disorder caused by severe arrhythmia or decompensation, cerebral circulation disorder caused by cardiac surgery, cerebral circulation disorder caused by improper use of drugs for the treatment of circulatory system diseases, etc. Can induce stroke. Atrial fibrillation is also an independent risk factor for recurrent stroke. Cardiogenic emboli are the main cause of the highest number of recurrences and the shortest interval between recurrences. To investigate cardiac problems, perform echocardiography, TCD foaming test, transesophageal ultrasound and other tests to clarify the structure of the heart and valves. If there are problems such as abnormal atrial and ventricular diastolic and systolic function, patent foramen ovale, heart valve disease, arrhythmia, etc., timely measures should be taken to control them.
blood sugar management
Hypertension of blood coagulation in diabetic patients results in disorders of vascular wall cell metabolism, nutritional disorders, increased serum osmotic pressure, and increased blood lipids, which accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis. The ischemic state or hyperglycemia state during reperfusion is particularly prone to the formation of cerebral ischemic lesions. Diabetes was also an independent predictor of recurrent stroke in patients who had already had one or more strokes. Reasonable and standardized drug use, control blood sugar to near normal levels on the premise of avoiding hypoglycemia, and at the same time change lifestyles and strictly monitor blood sugar levels.
lifestyle management
A healthy lifestyle is a necessary condition for a healthy body. Living a regular life, paying attention to rest, insisting on participating in appropriate physical exercise, and enhancing physical fitness; maintaining adequate nutrition in the diet, supplying high-quality protein, reducing salt intake, etc., will help prevent recurrence. Smoking is a well-defined independent risk factor. Alcoholism is also a risk factor. If you're a non-drinker, don't listen to rumors that drinking alcohol can provide antioxidants. Even red wine doesn't have this scientific sense.
follow-up management
Regular follow-up and follow-up visits are helpful to monitor patients' living habits and medication habits, and to detect certain risk factors in time. Especially not based on self-feeling, because many stroke patients happen unknowingly.
Because the prevention and treatment principles of various diseases that cause stroke are different, modern techniques such as CT and MRI should be used to find out the cause in time after the onset of the disease, and a set of systematic prevention and recurrence plans should be formulated under the guidance of doctors.
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